Learning to use a modern camera is so a big problem than I am not modern myself !.
About pearls, I use several process, chemical or mechanical, according to whether the pearl react, and each pearl is different.
First, it's not possible to be sure to find better layers inside.
To pill pearl can also show the nucleus, by transparency of a thiner nacre.
So, I think that pearls are often dull because the last layers left by the shellfish, just before pearl is harvested, are not the best, the time to stop this growth being incertain.
The most important is to pill layers regularly, without dig through. A delicate work it is.
You can find discs as sponges, more or less abrasive, in dental technicians' furnitures, which are efficient to work carefully pearls one by one.
It's sometimes good, also, to use polisher discs applying a little more to heat up the pearl, just under the tool. The mirror effect is often intensified by this way.
Xylene, one aromatic Hydrocarbon, reinforce shining rainbow's effect, so, but if the pearl have the smallest scratch, it can be killed any time (and always with toluene)... And I think it's not lasting, but sure, just smell very bad a long time.
Now, when a pearl is dead, is dead. I have tried to find good nacre under destroyed, but even deeply, I have not found any better nacre.